Diabetic Nephropathy: What is the cause and who is at risk?



Causes of Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy occurs when diabetes disease damages blood vessels and other cells in your kidneys.

How the kidneys work

Your kidneys contain millions of tiny blood vessels (glomeruli) that filter out toxins and impurities from your blood. Severe damage to these blood vessels can cause Diabetic Nephropathy, decreased renal function and kidney failure.

Causes of Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes, in type 1 and 2 diabetes.

Over time high blood sugar, associated with uncontrolled or untreated diabetes can cause high blood pressure. Furthermore, this will damage the kidneys by increasing the pressure on the kidney filtering system (glomeruli)


Risk factors Diabetic Nephropathy

Several factors may increase your Diabetic Nephropathy risk, including:
• Diabetes, type 1 or 2
• High blood sugar (hyperglycemia)
• High blood pressure (hypertension)
• Smokers and diabetics
• High blood cholesterol levels and diabetes
• Family history of diabetes and kidney disease


Complications of Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic Nephropathy Complications can occur gradually over months or years. These include:

• Fluid retention, which can cause swelling in the arms and legs, high blood pressure, or fluid in your lungs (pulmonary edema)
• Increase in potassium levels in your blood (hyperkalemia)
• Heart and blood vessel disease (cardiovascular disease), may lead to stroke
• Damage to the blood vessels of the eye (diabetes retinopathy)
• Anemia (lack of blood)
• Foot wounds, erectile dysfunction, diarrhea and other problems associated with damaged nerves and blood vessels
• Complications of pregnancy that pose a risk to the developing mother and fetus
• Irreversible damage to your kidneys (end-stage renal disease), which ultimately requires dialysis or kidney transplantation to survive.


Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy

If there are signs and symptoms, as well as the above-mentioned risk factors, you can check with your family doctor. Physical examination, and interviews pertaining to your medical history are required to determine the next course of action. Your family doctor may refer you to a specialist kidney (nephrologist) or diabetes specialist (endocrinologist).


To find out if you have diabetes kidney disease, you may need certain tests and procedures, such as:
• Blood tests. If you have diabetes, you need a blood test to monitor your condition and determine how well your kidneys work.
•          Urine test. The urine sample provides information about your kidney function and whether you have too much protein in the urine. A high level of protein called microalbumin may indicate that your kidney is exposed to diabetic kidney disease.
• Imaging tests. Your doctor may use X-rays and ultrasound to assess the structure and size of your kidneys. You may also have CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine how well the blood circulates in your kidneys. Other imaging tests can be used in some cases.
• Kidney function testing. Your doctor can assess your kidney screening capacity by using renal analysis analysis.
• Kidney biopsy. Renal tissue retrieval may be necessary for further examination of the microscopic renal structure.

How is the treatment of this disease?

No comments:

Post a Comment

DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY: How is the treatment and prevention?

Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy The first step in treating diabetic nephropathy is treating diabetes and, if necessary, treat...

Total Pageviews